aqua, propanediol, niacinamide, azelaic acid, glycerin, tranexamic acid, acetyl glucosamine sodium hydroxide, 4-butylresorcinol, dipotassium glycyrrhizate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium hyaluronate, aloe barbadensis leaf extract, xanthan gum, copernicia cerifera cera, palmitoyl sh-octapeptide-24 amide, retinol, sorbitol, tocopherol, sodium hyaluronate, linolenic acid, lactic acid / glycolic acid copolymer, sorbitan caprylate, capryloyl / caproyl methyl glucamide, ascorbic acid, palmitoyl sh-tripeptide-5 norisoleucyl sh-nonapeptide-1, glutathione, caprylyl glycol, 1,2-hexanediol, potassium sorbate, gold, polyvinyl alcohol, helianthus annuus seed oil
_niacinamide is a form of vitamin b3 and a true multitalent in skincare. it normalizes the skin's sebum production, frees the pores of sebum, helps to refine them and at the same time protects them from clogging again. its anti-inflammatory property protects not only against acne bacteria but also against free radicals and uv radiation and reduces redness. it also strengthens the skin barrier and can brighten dark spots (post-blemish marks).
_azelaic acid works like a gentle peel (keratolytic) and removes dead cells. the acid refines the skin's surface texture, can reduce post-blemish marks and acts as a strong antioxidant against free radicals (e.g. uv rays, environmental toxins). combined with niacinamide and tranexamic acid, the effect is amplified.
_tranexamic acid works against pigment spots, refines post-blemish marks and scars and gives the facial skin a fresh complexion again. the ingredient also calms the skin and supports it in restoring its natural protection.
_dipotassium glycyrrhizinate has an anti-inflammatory effect. its sebum-regulating properties inhibit the excessive production of skin lipids by the sebaceous glands. it calms stressed skin, is self-emulsifying and able to stabilize emulsions, so that the emulsifier content of the formulation can be reduced.
_hyaluronic acid modified with alpha-linoleic acid is a highly effective anti-pigmentation agent. it breaks down melanin and has a skin-brightening effect.
_glycyrrhetinic acid has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. the acid supports the skin in repairing dna damaged by uv radiation. it is obtained from the roots of the chinese licorice plant (glycyrrhiza glabra).
_sh-octapeptide-24, sh-tripeptide-5 and sh-nonapeptide-1 counteract hyperactive melanocytes, thus regulating melanin synthesis and brightening pigment spots.
_butylresorcinol interrupts melanin production in the skin by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase and the protein trp-1, which are required for melanin synthesis. in addition, peroxidase activity is reduced, making the ingredient even more effective. subsequently, the production of black melanin - which gives pigment spots their intense color - is blocked. the result is a decoloring of pigment spots.
_acetyl glucosamine decolors pigment spots and interrupts melanin production by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase and the protein trp-1, which are required for melanin synthesis.
_helianthus annuus seed oil is sunflower oil with a high vitamin e content to strengthen the natural function of the skin barrier, for an even complexion, more firmness and to minimize wrinkles.
